Russia: Mount Elbrus

General Information

Height: 5,642 m (18,442 ft)

Difficulty: 4

Best Time To Climb: May to September, with July and August having the most stable and consistent weather conditions. 

Length of Time to Climb: 6-8 hours ascent and 3-5 hours descent from the huts where you can take the lift up. Although because of the need of acclimatisation it usually takes about a week to complete the climb. 

Permits Required: Mount Elbrus Climbing Permit (or Prielbrusya National Park permit)

Accomodation: Cheget, Terskol and Azau all have accommodation near the base. Homestays are recommended. 

Overview

What is actually quite fascinating is that Mount Elbrus isn’t technically a mountain; but an inactive volcano that forged 2.5 million years ago. It has two summits; the taller west summit is 5,642 metres (18,510 ft) and the east summit is 5,621 metres (18,442ft ).

The East Summit was first reached in 1829 by Khillar Khachirov, who was a guide for a Russian army scientific expedition. The West Summit was first reached in 1874, by F. Crauford Grove who led a British expedition. Its climb can be physically but not technically difficult.

Elbrus is a part of the Caucasus Range that straddles both Europe and Asia, yet geographers have classified it as Europe and is therefore crowned as the highest peak in Europe. 

How To Get There

There are a few ways to reach Mount Elbrus. The nearest airports are in Mineralnye Vody (approximately 200km to the Elbrus area) and Nalchik (approximately 120km).

To reach these two towns, a flight is needed from either Moscow, St Petersburg or other large Russian cities. Train routes are also available to Mineralnye Vody. Although Nalchik is actually closer to Mt Elbrus, most people actually choose to travel to Mineralnye Vody due to its much larger airport and railway facilities, and their daily flights and train connections.

The Route

There are mutiple routes to summit Mount Elbrus. The Standard Route is the most accommodating path which makes its way up the South Face, beginning at the Barrels Huts which stand at 3900 meters. From here, you will climb further until you reach the Diesel Hut at 4157 meters. Staying on this path helps to maintain a safe distance from the crevasses that stand on either side of the trail as you ascend the south face.

The next stop from here is the Pashtuhova Rocks which sit at 4670m, before moving onto a steep incline in elevation. Very often climbers choose to take a snow mobile up to this point (or even slightly higher) to shorten the summit day. You would have climbed to this point before to acclimatise so you don’t need feel like it’s cheating.

After that point, you will make your way north west to the rocky shoulder. The traverse here seems endless but finally you will reach the saddle between East and West peak. That’s probably going to be the last stop you will make. From here it’s only about 2 hours to the summit! Climbers often leave their heavy backpacks here and continue with just a bottle of water and snacks. From this point you will zigzag up until you reach fixed ropes. Once you reach the end of the ropes you’re almost there… another 15 mins of pretty flat stretch until the last 3 meters climb to the summit.

Another more challenging route option is the Southwest Face Route. This route starts in Voroshilov at 2150 meters and consists of glacier traverses and steeper inclines than the standard route. The southwest face route can be more dangerous and icefalls can occur.

You can also take the Akcheryakol Lave Flow Route, which starts in the town of Elbrus and follows the associated glacial shield through the gorge. It commences at Irikchat Pass at roughly 4000 meters. This route should only be taken after very careful and considerate planning, due to the proper acclimatisation that is needed.

What to Pack

It is important you pack the necessary equipment to make the climb as easy and comfortable as possible. Please find our recommended kit-list below.

Clothing

  • Hiking Socks
  • Gaitors
  • Double Boots/HikingBoots
  • Comfortable Underwear
  • Base Layer (Bottoms and Tops)
  • Midlayer Top (Hoodies/Jackets)
  • Softshell Jacket
  • Softshell Pants
  • Hardshell Pants 
  • Hardshell Jacket
  • Insulated Jacket
  • Lightwear Gloves
  • Insulated Mits
  • Wool/Synthetic Hat
  • Sunhat 

Gear

  • Water Bottle
  • Ice Axe
  • Waist Lease
  • Crampons
  • Trekking Poles
  • Backpack
  • Headlamp
  • Goggles
  • Sun Glasses
  • UV Buff

Additional

  • Power Adaptor
  • Camera
  • Toiletry Bag
  • ‘Travel Clothes’ e.g. clean clothing that can be worn on ‘travel’ days 
  • Ear Plugs for more comfortable sleep in the huts
  • Sun Protection (Sunscreen and Lip Screen)
  • Snacks and Drinks
  • Small First Aid Kit

Current Weather

Visit Mountain Forecast to see an in-depth weather map. 

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